Final Words and Future Possibilities
General Classification of the Icons
The icons discussed in this study can be divided into two main categories. The first category includes a small number...
Scholarly References and Comparative Material
Several scholarly publications help us understand the style and context of this icon. For example, studies of Greek and Russian icons in museum collections...
Introduction to the Virgin Hodegetria Icon
The icon of the Virgin Hodegetria presents the Virgin Mary as a half-length figure holding the Christ Child on her left arm. This type...
The Biblical Story of Hagar and Ishmael and the Sultan’s Religious Power
The Dramatic Story from the Bible
One of the most dramatic and emotional stories in Biblical history involves Abraham, his wife Sarah, and his servant...
Turkish Time, the Crescent Symbol, and the Sultan’s Power
How Muslims Count Time
The Muslim day is measured from sunset to sunset, not from midnight to midnight like in Western countries. Each day is...
The Persian Religious Leader and the Sultan’s Generosity
The Most Important Pilgrim
The most notable person among all the pilgrims was Hadji Sheik Islam, who was the head of the Islamic church in...
